| Antimony pentoxide | |
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Other names
antimony(V) oxide |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 1314-60-9 |
| ChemSpider | 14129 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | Sb2O5 |
| Molar mass | 323.5 g/mol |
| Appearance | yellow powdery solid |
| Density | 3.78 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point |
380 °C (decomposes) |
| Solubility in water | very slightly soluble |
| Solubility | insoluble in nitric acid |
| Hazards | |
| EU classification | not listed |
| NFPA 704 |
1
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| (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5) is a chemical compound of antimony and oxygen. It always occurs in hydrated form, Sb2O5·nH2O. It contains antimony in the +5 oxidation state.
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Antimony pentoxide has the same structure as the B form of niobium pentoxide and can be derived from the rutile structure, with antimony coordinated by six oxygens in a distorted octahedral arrangement. The SbO6 octahedra are corner- and edge-sharing.[1]
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The hydrated oxide is prepared by hydrolysis of antimony pentachloride; or by acidification of potassium hexahydroxoantimonate(V). It may also be prepared by oxidation of antimony trioxide with nitric acid. [2]
It finds use as a Flame retardant in ABS and other plastics, a flocculant in the production of titanium dioxide and is sometimes used in the production of glass, paint and adhesives.[3][4]
It is also used as an ion-exchange resin for a number if cations in acidic solution including Na+ (especially for their selective retentions); and as a polymerization and oxidation catalyst.
When heated at 700 °C the yellow hydrated pentoxide converts to an anhydrous white solid with a formula Sb2O13 containing both Sb(III) and Sb(V). Heating at 900 °C produces a white insoluble powder of Sb2O4 of both α and β forms. The β form consists of Sb(V) in octahedral interstices and pyramidal Sb(III) O4 units. In these compounds, Sb(V) atom is octahedrally coordinated to six –OH groups.
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